The British Empire

• The Commonwealth of Nations

Former British Territories and Current Associates

Non-Commonwealth Nations with British Colonial History

British Regional Entities | British Overseas Territories | Home Government
Ireland | Gibraltar | Americas | Canada | Jamaica | United States
Australia | New Zealand | India | Bangladesh | Sri Lanka | South Africa | Afghanistan | China
Japan | Tibet | Africa | Gambia | Namibia | South Africa | Zimbabwe | Cyprus | Egypt
Israel/Palestine | Sudan



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-- Former British Territories and Current Associates Antigua and Barbuda (British Leeward Islands Federation) Australia The Bahamas Bangladesh (East Bengal) Barbados Belize (British Honduras) Botswana (Bechuanaland) Brunei Darussalam Cameroon Canada Cyprus Dominica (British Leeward and Windward Islands) Fiji The Gambia Ghana (The Gold Coast) Grenada (British Windward Islands) Guyana (British Guiana) India Jamaica Kenya Kiribati (Gilbert Islands) Lesotho (Basutoland) Malawi (Nyasaland) Malaysia (Federated Malay States, Sarawak, Sabah--aka North Borneo) Maldives Malta Mauritius Mozambique Namibia (South West Africa) Nauru New Zealand Nigeria Pakistan Papua New Guinea Saint Kitts and Nevis (British Leeward Islands Federation) Saint Lucia (British Windward Islands) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (British Windward Islands) Samoa (Western Samoa) Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Solomon Islands South Africa (Cape Colony and Natal) Sri Lanka (Ceylon) Swaziland Tanzania (Tanganyika and Zanzibar) Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tuvalu (Ellis Islands) Uganda United Kingdom Vanuatu (New Hebrides) Zambia (Northern Rhodesia) Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia)

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-- Non-Commonwealth Nations with British Colonial History Afghanistan Bhutan Burma China (Hong Kong) Cook Islands Egypt Iran Ireland Israel (Palestine) Jordan (Transjordan) Kuwait Nepal Palestine Qatar Somalia (Somaliland) Sudan United Arab Emirates (Trucial Coast or Trucial Oman) United States of America Yemen (Aden)

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-- British Regional Entities England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland Guernsey--Channel Islands Jersey--Channel Islands Isle of Man

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-- British Overseas Territories Anguilla Bermuda British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Falkland Islands Gibraltar Montserrat Pitcairn Islands Saint Helena (with Dependencies Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha) South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Turks and Caicos Islands

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-- Home Government The Growth of the British Empire Drake's Raid on Cadiz (1587) Legends--Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake Page Sir Francis Drake and the Spanish Armada Sir Francis Drake, the Buccaneer Queen Elizabeth I Against the Spanish Armada Spanish Armada--Battle of Gravelines (1588) Spanish Armada (1588) Spanish Armada--Confession of Sotomayor ...why the king of England should enter into warre with the Spaniard (1624) by Thomas Scott Letters of Marque Against Spain (1625) Prize Money Proclamation (1664) French Letter of Marque (1693) Proclamation on Privateers' Colors (1694) War of the Spanish Succession--Marlborough's Wars (1702-1713) Battle of Quiberon Bay (1759) Quiberon Bay (1759) Battle of the Nile (1798) Battle of Trafalgar (1805) The Life of Horatio, Lord Nelson Autobiography of Sir Harry Smith (1787-1860) Earl of Liverpool Duke of Wellington Earl Grey William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne Robert Peel--Overview A Comparison of Pitt the Younger and Sir Robert Peel Lord John Russell Benjamin Disraeli Page Disraeli's Imperial Policies Benjamin Disraeli Chronology Disraeli Chronology (Peel Web) William Ewart Gladstone by James Bryce (On-Line Book) William Gladstone Chronology Charles George Gordon The Anti-Slavery Campaign in Britain (1783-1833) Parallels in Racism and Class Prejudice The Bank of England and the London Money Market Mid-Victorian England's Industrial Dominance Anti-Technological Bias of Victorian Education and Britain's Economic Decline Overview of Victorian Social History Nineteenth Century Public Health Overview Chadwick's Report on Sanitary Conditions "The White Man's Burden" and Its Critics The Black Man's Burden --the White Man in Africa from the Fifteenth Century to World War I

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-- Ireland History Links--University College, Cork A Veue of the Present State of Ireland (1596) by Edmund Spenser War in Ireland (1689) Britain and Ireland (1789-1801) Daniel O'Connell--the Liberator Catholic Emancipation Robert Peel and Catholic Emancipation Daniel O'Connell on Justice for Ireland (1836) Robert Peel and Ireland (1841-1846) The Irish Famine (1845-1849) Annals of the Famine in Ireland (1851) Racism and Anti-Irish Preudice in Victorian England Parallels in Racism and Class Prejudice

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-- Gibraltar War of the Spanish Succession --Marlborough's Wars (1702-1713)--Acquisition of Gibraltar Storming of Gibraltar (1704) Defense of Gibraltar (1704) Attack on Gibraltar (1782)

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-- Americas Battle of Cartagena (1741) The East India Company in North America

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-- Canada War of the Spanish Succession --Marlborough's Wars (1702-1713)--British Acquistion of Maritime Provinces and Hudson's Bay The Louisburg Expedition (1745) Braddock's Defeat (1755)) Capture of Quebec (1759)) Fall of Quebec (1759)) Royal Proclamation (1763) regarding new acquisitions) Battle of Lake Erie (1813)) Battle of Lake Erie (1813)) Anglo-American Naval Agreement on the Great Lakes (1817))

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-- Jamaica Sir Henry Morgan, Buccaneer The Port Royal Project

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-- United States Jamestown Rediscovery The Taking of Schenectady (1690) Early Colonial Chronology to 1700 The Louisburg Expedition (1745) Braddock's Defeat (1755) Capture of Quebec (1759) Fall of Quebec (1759) Colonial Chronology (1700-1763) Royal Proclamation (1763) regarding new acquisitions Colonial Chronology (1163-1775) Edmund Burke--Speech on Conciliation with America Conflict and Revolution (1775-1776) The Declaration of Independence (1776) American Revolution Military Documents An Unlikely Victory (1777-1783) A New Nation is Born (1784-1790) Battle of Lake Erie (1813) A Convention to Regulate the Commerce Between the Territories of The United States and His Britannick Majesty (1815) Anglo-American Naval Agreement on the Great Lakes (1817)

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-- Australia Early Australian Voyages Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia Australia--the Colonial Period Early Exploration and Colonization British Motives for Australian Settlement Convicts in Australia A Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay A Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson Australian Colonies Government Act (1851) A Lady's Visit to the Gold Diggings of Australia (1852-1853) A Residence in Tasmania (1856)

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-- New Zealand History of Colonial New Zealand The Treaty of Waitangi (1840) Journal of a Ten Months' Residence in New Zealand

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-- India British India (UCLA) Victorian and Pre-Victorian Colonial India The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier (1204-1760) The Coming of the Europeans The East India Company Website East India Company History East India Company Gazeteer The East India Company and the Wellesley Family East India Company (UCLA) Robert Clive (UCLA) Warren Hastings--First Governor-General of India (UCLA) The East India Trade (1500-1800) England, India and the East Indies, 1617 CE Englands Treasure by Forraign Trade by Thomas Mun--17th Century Merchant History of Mumbai (Bombay) The East India Company (1600-1857) Management Under the Company Establishment of British Power in India (1613-1761) Consolidation of Colonial Supremacy in Kerala (Malabar Coast) Development of Colonial Economy in Kerala The Beginning of the British Raj Battle of Calcutta (1757) Battle of Plassy (1757) Battle of Plassy (UCLA) The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-69) Robert Clive Speech in Commons on India (1772) India Regulating Act (1773) Tipu Sultan--Ruler of Mysore (Lengthy Biographical Site) Edmund Burke Speech in Commons on India (1783) British Army in India (Cornwallis, 1786) Taking of Seringpatam (1799) The British Raj--The Conquest of India The British Raj--The Idea of the Just Rule The British Raj--The Three Phases of Colonial Administration The British Raj--Indian Anticolonialism The British Raj, by Zachary Nunn British India List of Governors General Nineteenth Century British and Indian Armies Indian Cavalry Regiments John Stuart Mill and the East India Company (UCLA/Stanford University Press) Macauley's Minute on Indian Education (1835) Thomas Babington Macauley on Empire and Education The Battle of Kelat (1839) General Charles Napier and the Conquest of Sind (1842) Peasant Protests and Revolts in Travancore and Malabar The Sepoy War of 1857--Mutiny or First Indian War of Independence? The Epic of the Race: India 1857 (the Mutiny) Independence Struggle of 1857 The 1857 Indian Mutiny Opening of the Indian Mutiny at Meerut (1857) The Indian Revolt (1857, by Charles Creighton Hazewell, Atlantic Monthly) British India (1857, by Charles Creighton Hazewell, Atlantic Monthly) The British Raj (1858-1947) Troop Steamer for the Lower Indus River (1861) The Benefits and Detriments of British Rule (1871) Hill Stations--Pinnacles of the Raj When Queen Victoria Became Empress of India (1877) The Hill of Bones, Afghanistan, 1978 Battle at Charasia (1879) Storming of Takht-I-Shah Peak (1879) Constructing South India (1795-1895) Caste and Social Reform Movements in Kerala Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and the Commonwealth--India The March to Lhasa (1904) Indian National Congress (1885-1905) The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan (1887) Indian National Movement (1905-1914) Bal Gangadahr Tilak--Address to the Indian National Congress (1907) The New Nationalist Movement in India (1908, by Jabez T. Sunderland, Atlantic Monthly) Mohandas K. Gandhi--Indian Home Rule (1909) The Gandhian Era (1917-1947) Gandhi Man of Millenium Mahatma Gandhi Album Mahatma Gandhi (UCLA) Salt March (UCLA) The Struggle for Independence Amritsar Massacre (1919) Amritsar Massacre (Encyclopedia Britannica) The Government of India Act (1935) The Quit India Movement (1942-1945) Quit India Movement (UCLA) Indian Independence (15 August 1947) Father of Pakistan--Jinnah India Office Records (British Library) Family History in India

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-- Bangladesh The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier (1204-1760)

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-- Sri Lanka Eight Years' Wanderings in Ceylon

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-- South Africa South African War Virtual Library

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-- Afghanistan The Hill of Bones, Afghanistan, 1978 Battle at Charasia (1879) Storming of Takht-I-Shah Peak (1879)

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-- China Hong Kong--From Opium War to 1997 and Beyond A Brief History of Hong Kong to 1910 The Heritage of Hong Kong History Europeans in China: The History of Hong Kong (Zip File Download) The Opium Monopoly and Hong Kong Emperor Qian Long letter to King George III (1793) Chronology--Informal Empire in China Western Powers Arrive The Opium War and Foreign Encroachment Opium in China--Chronology (1700-1860) The Opium War (Digital China/Harvard) The Opium War (1839-1842) The Opium War: Britain's Mastery of the Drug Trade Emperor of China Declares War on Drugs Panic, War and Opium, the British Way Opium War: Britain Stole Hong Kong from China The First China War The Treaty of Nanking (1842) The Taiping Rebellion (1850) Yellow Coast--Actions on the China Seas The Second Opium War (1856-1858) Second and Third China Wars (1856-1860) The Opium Wars (WSU) Convention of Peking (1860) Visit to China (1857) Articles on China (1853-1860) from New York Daily Tribune--By Karl Marx/Engels The Tai-Ping Revolt (1862) Maritime Heritage Project--Hong Kong Treaty Ports and Extraterritoriality in China Philately of Hong Kong Treaty Ports China Treaty Ports China Through the Stereoscope -- A Journey Through the Dragon Empire at the Time of the Boxer Uprising Houseboat Days in China Letters of a Shanghai Griffin

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-- Japan The East India Company in Japan

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-- Tibet The March to Lhasa (1904)

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-- Africa "The White Man's Burden" and Its Critics The Black Man's Burden -- the White Man in Africa from the Fifteenth Century to World War I The Story of the Slave Trade (Black Man's Burden) Trader Horn

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-- Gambia The Golden Trade--Discoverty of the River Gambra (17th Century Text)

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-- Namibia The Story of German South West Africa

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-- South Africa South Africa Chronology Native Life in South Africa The Northward Trek The Boer War The Great Boer War by Arthur Conan Doyle South Africa--The Peasants' Revolt South Africa's Freedom Struggle

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-- Zimbabwe The Story of Southern Rhodesia (Black Man's Burden) The Story of Southern Rhodesia (continued)

Middle East
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-- Cyprus Cyprus as I Saw It in 1879

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-- Egypt Battle of the Nile (1798)

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-- Israel/Palestine Pre-1948 Documents on Palestine Palestine Exploration Fund (1911) The Origin of the Palestine-Israel Conflict

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-- Sudan Siege of Khartoum (1884)

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